In general anesthesia, the anesthesiologist ensures the patient’s safe and normal vital functions, including respiration, throughout the surgery using devices and monitors. The anesthesia specialist secures the patient’s vital safety during the entire surgical procedure through their knowledge and expertise.

Regional anesthesia, performed using central (epidural, spinal) or peripheral (plexus blocks) nerve blocks, renders a specific area of the body (such as the arm or leg) insensitive to pain, creating an appropriate surgical environment. Additionally, sedative medications may be administered to ensure the patient’s comfort and relaxation during the surgery. In a type of anesthesia known as sedo-analgesia, the patient is induced into a drowsy state through intravenous sedatives and pain relievers. The surgical area is also locally anesthetized, allowing the patient to spend the operation period in a state of sleep.

While selecting the appropriate type of anesthesia for the patient, the anesthesiologist closely monitors all vital functions throughout the surgical procedure, even in cases of local surgery. They intervene with medications and equipment when necessary to address involuntary reflexes that may occur in the body. The anesthesiologist ensures that the patient goes to their bed after the surgery without pain and with a smooth recovery process.